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Terpenes are plant hydrocarbons. Terpenes are naturally present in some plants. For a majority of terpenes they constitute the fragrant principle of plants. Terpenes also often have a significant medical or phyto-active value.
Cannabis plants produces terpenes. Trichomes secrete a wide variety of terpenes. More than 200 differents terpens are present in cannabis.
- Limonene for example is present in citrus fruits and gives off a strong orange scent. Limonene is known for its gastric properties.
- Pinene is the terpene that gives its peculiar smell to the pine. Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, it has broncho-dilatory properties and antibiotic.
- Also in the bay or in thyme, myrcene is used to treat diarrhea or hypertension.
- Linalool is an anxiolytic sedative contained especially in lavender, mint or basil.
- Humulene is present in hops, cloves, sage, and basil. Its aromas are woody and earthy with its notes are spicy.
The flavonoids are responsible for the color of the plants and have been recognized anti-oxidant.
Associated with cannabinoids THC, CBD, CBN and others (which themselves have recognized properties), a surrounding effect occurs. Terpenes, CBD or THC are combined and create a powerful singular effect.